Putri, Hafiza Fauziah (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Arang dan Fluks SiO2-CaO terhadap Tingkat Recovery Logam Timah dari Dry Dross Paduan Sn60Pb40. S1 thesis, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa.
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Abstract
Dry dross is a residual by-product from the production process of Sn–Pb alloy solder that still contains a high amount of tin, approximately 67%. This relatively high tin content may lead to material losses if no recovery process is applied and may also cause environmental pollution if disposed of without proper treatment. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of carbon (charcoal) addition and the use of SiO₂ and CaO fluxes on improving tin metal recovery from dry dross of Sn60Pb40 alloy. The research method consisted of several stages, including initial weighing of the dry dross samples, addition of various amounts of charcoal and fluxes, reduction at a temperature of 1000°C for 20 minutes, and separation of molten metal from dross through a skimming process. The variables in this study were charcoal additions of 2.5 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7.5 wt.%, as well as SiO₂ and CaO fluxes at 0.25 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, and 0.75 wt.%, respectively. The results indicate that the addition of charcoal as a reducing agent significantly increased the tin recovery from dry dross of Sn60Pb40 alloy, from 53.69 wt.% Sn to 73.49 wt.%, 82.25 wt.%, and 78.38 wt.% Sn at charcoal additions of 2.5 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7.5 wt.%, respectively, with the optimum condition at 5 wt.% charcoal. Furthermore, the addition of SiO₂ and CaO fluxes further enhanced the recovery beyond the target of 70 wt.% Sn, reaching 78.64 wt.% Sn with 0.75 wt.% SiO₂ and 84.29 wt.% Sn with 0.75 wt.% CaO. The overall optimum condition was achieved at a combination of 5 wt.% charcoal, 0.75 wt.% SiO₂, and 0.75 wt.% CaO, resulting in the highest recovery of 84.29 wt.% Sn. This indicates that the combination of carbon reductant and SiO₂–CaO fluxes is effective in improving the efficiency of tin recovery from dry dross of Sn60Pb40 alloy. Keywords: Dry Dross, Carbothermic Reduction, SiO₂ Flux, CaO Flux
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Dry dross merupakan residu sisa dari proses produksi solder paduan Sn-Pb yang masih mengandung logam timah dalam kadar tinggi, yaitu sekitar 67%. Kandungan timah yang cukup besar ini berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian material apabila tidak dilakukan proses recovery serta dapat mencemari lingkungan jika dibuang tanpa pengolahan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan karbon (arang) serta fluks SiO₂ dan CaO terhadap peningkatan recovery logam timah dari dry dross paduan Sn60Pb40. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu penimbangan awal sampel dry dross, penambahan variasi arang dan fluks, proses reduksi pada temperatur 1000°C selama 20 menit, serta pemisahan logam cair dari dross melalui proses skimming. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi variasi massa arang sebesar 2,5 wt.%; 5 wt.% dan 7,5 wt.%, serta fluks SiO₂ dan CaO masing-masing sebesar 0,25 wt.%; 0,5 wt.% dan 0,75 wt.%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan arang sebagai reduktor mampu meningkatkan recovery logam timah dari dry dross paduan Sn60Pb40 secara signifikan, dari 53,69 wt.% Sn menjadi 73,49 wt.%, 82,25 wt.%, dan 78,38 wt.% Sn masing-masing pada penambahan arang 2,5 wt.%, 5 wt.%, dan 7,5 wt.%, dengan kondisi optimum pada 5 wt.% arang. Penambahan fluks SiO₂ dan CaO selanjutnya meningkatkan recovery hingga melampaui target 70 wt.% Sn, yaitu mencapai 78,64 wt.% Sn pada penambahan SiO₂ 0,75 wt.% dan 84,29 wt.% Sn pada penambahan CaO 0,75 wt.%. Kondisi optimum keseluruhan diperoleh pada kombinasi arang 5 wt.%, SiO₂ 0,75 wt.%, dan CaO 0,75 wt.%, yang menghasilkan recovery tertinggi sebesar 84,29 wt.% Sn, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi reduktor karbon dan fluks SiO₂–CaO efektif meningkatkan efisiensi proses recovery timah dari dry dross paduan Sn60Pb40. Kata Kunci: Dry Dross, Reduksi Karbotermik, Fluks SiO2, Fluks CaO | |||||||||
| Subjects: | T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy | |||||||||
| Divisions: | 03-Fakultas Teknik 03-Fakultas Teknik > 27201-Jurusan Teknik Metalurgi |
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| Depositing User: | Hafiza Hafiza Putri | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jan 2026 01:48 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 30 Jan 2026 06:52 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/57598 |
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