KAWIARSO, KAWIARSO (2023) Performance Evaluation of CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed) Boiler Based on Operational Data at Power Plant Unit 2 PT. XYZ. Master thesis, UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA.
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Abstract
Kawiarso, 2022, "Performance Evaluation of CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed) Boiler Based on Operational Data at Power Plant Unit 2 PT. XYZ”. Thesis. Masters Education Program Masters Program in Chemical Engineering Postgraduate University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. Advisor I Dr. Ing. Anton Irawan, ST., MT, Advisor II Dr. Nuryoto ST., M.Eng. Boiler operation in PLTU (Steam Power Plant) often uses coal as fuel. Coal as a fuel requires special requirements such as , moisture content, High Heating Value (HHV), Volatile Matter, Fixed carbon, Ash Content, Sulfur Content, Coal Size, Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI,) Ash Fusion Temperature and calorific value. The low or high calorific value of coal is calculated to find out how much it affects to the efficiency of the CFB Boiler at PLTU Unit 2 PT. XYZ. The use of energy from coal also produces CO2 gas which affects climate change. Cofiring of biomass in combustion will reduce the CO2 emissions produced, so it is necessary to analyze whether the cofiring affects the operating efficiency of the boiler so that it remains optimal. Efficiency analysis using heat loss method based on operasional data of the CFB Boiler as one of main equipment in the power plant is very important, the purpose is to evaluate the performance of the boiler. Another benefit is to find out whether the existing boiler can be used with biomass fuel as a substitute for coal fuel. The results of the research with data for 3 months show that based on the analysis using the indirect method it can be seen that the CFB Boiler at PT. XYZ has an efficiency in HHV between 87.34% – 87.74% (±2% above design efficiency). Cofiring trial results with palm kernel shell biomass (Cangkang Kelapa Sawit, Palm Kernel Shell) step by step from 33%, 67% to 100% Cangkang Kelapa Sawit showed a boiler efficiency (in HHV) of 83.33%, while with 100% coal the boiler efficiency was 86.27 %. The decreament in efficiency around 2.94% between the use of 100% coal and 100% palm kernel shell (Cangkang Kelapa Sawit) was cause by the calorific value of coal which being higher than the calorific value of Cangkang Kelapa Sawit, but on the other hand there was a significant reduction in CO2 emissions. With Cangkang Kelapa Sawit fuel of 360.24 tonnes, it reduces CO2 emissions by 538.7 tonnes. With an insignificant difference in boiler efficiency, it can be concluded that as technically the existing boiler design is suitable for use as a fuel sourced from palm oil shells. Keywords: Biomassa, CFB Boiler, Cofiring, Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (PKS), Eficiency.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Master) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Kawiarso, 2022, “Evaluasi Kinerja CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed) Boiler Berbasiskan Data Pengoperasian Di Power Plant Unit 2 PT. XYZ”. Tesis. Program Pendidikan Magister Program Studi Magister Teknik Kimia Pascasarjana Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. Pembimbing I Dr. Ing. Anton Irawan, ST., MT, Pembimbing II Dr. Nuryoto ST., M.Eng. Pengoperasian Boiler dalam PLTU (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap) seringkali menggunakan batubara sebagai bahan bakarnya. Batubara sebagai bahan bakar membutuhkan persyaratan khusus, High Heating Value (HHV), Moisture Content, Volatil Matter, Fixed carbon, Ash Content, Sulphur Content, Coal Size, Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI,) Ash Fushion Temperature dan nilai kalor . Nilai kalor rendah atau tinggi dari batubara dihitung untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruhnya terhadap efisiensi CFB Boiler di PLTU Unit 2 PT. XYZ. Penggunaan energi dari batubara juga menghasilkan gas CO2 yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan iklim. Cofiring biomasa dalam pembakaran akan menurunkan emisi CO2 yang dihasilkan, namun perlu di analisis apakah cofiring tersebut berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi pengoperasian boiler untuk tetap bisa optimal. Oleh karenanya analisis efisiensi menggunakan metoda kehilangan panas berdasarkan data pengoperasain dari CFB Boiler sebagai salah satu equipment utama dalam pembangkitan sangat penting untuk dilakukan, tujuannya untuk mengevaluasi kinerja boiler. Manfaat lain adalah untuk mengetahui apakah boiler yang ada bisa dipergunakan dengan bahan bakar biomasa sebagai pengganti bahan bakar batubara. Hasil penelitian dengan data selama 3 bulan menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan analisis menggunakan metoda tidak langsung dapat diketahui bahwa CFB Boiler di PT. XYZ memiliki efisiensi in HHV antara 87,34% – 87,74% (±2% di atas efisiseni desain). Hasil uji coba cofiring dengan biomasa Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (PKS, Palm Kernel Shell) secara bertahap dari 33%, 67% hingga 100% Cangkang Kelapa Sawit menunjukkan efisiensi boiler (in HHV) 83,33%, sedangakan dengan batubara 100% efisiensi boilernya 86,27%. Penurunan efisiensi sebesar 2,94% antara penggunaan batubara 100% dengan cangkang sawit (Cangkang Kelapa Sawit) 100% disebabkan karena nilai kalori batubara lebih tinggi dibandingkan nilai kalori Cangkang Kelapa Sawit, namun disisi lain terjadi penurunan emisi CO2 yang signifikan. Dengan bahan bakar Cangkang Kelapa Sawit sebesar 360,24 ton, memberikan penurunan emisi CO2 sebesar 538,7 ton. Dengan selisih efisiensi boiler yang tidak signifikan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara technical desain boiler yang ada sekarang cocok/sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai pembakaran dengan sumber bahan bakar Cangkang Kelapa Sawit. Kata kunci: Biomassa, CFB Boiler, Cofiring, Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (PKS), Efisiensi. | |||||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Keywords: Biomassa, CFB Boiler, Cofiring, Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (PKS), Eficiency. Kata kunci: Biomassa, CFB Boiler, Cofiring, Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (PKS), Efisiensi. | |||||||||
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
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| Divisions: | 08-Pascasarjana > 84104-Magister Teknik Kimia | |||||||||
| Depositing User: | KAWIARSO KAWIARSO | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 20 Mar 2023 15:08 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 20 Mar 2023 15:08 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/22813 |
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