eprintid: 58681
rev_number: 19
eprint_status: archive
userid: 17483
dir: disk0/00/05/86/81
datestamp: 2026-02-27 07:39:23
lastmod: 2026-03-03 02:18:38
status_changed: 2026-02-27 07:39:23
type: thesis
metadata_visibility: show
contact_email: 3335220030@untirta.ac.id
creators_name: SAMUDERA, NIZAM AZHAR
creators_id: 3335220030
contributors_type: http://www.loc.gov/loc.terms/relators/THS
contributors_type: http://www.loc.gov/loc.terms/relators/THS
contributors_name: PITALOKA, ALIA BADRA
contributors_name: KURNIAWAN, TEGUH
contributors_id: 19780802201222002
contributors_id: 198305062006041002
corp_creators: UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA
corp_creators: FAKULTAS TEKNIK
corp_creators: TEKNIK KIMIA
title: SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI TIMAH TETRAKLORIDA PENTAHIDRAT (SnCl4.5H2O) UNTUK MENDUKUNG HILIRISASI PRODUK BERBASIS TIMAH
ispublished: pub
subjects: Q1
subjects: TP
divisions: TekKimia
full_text_status: restricted
keywords: crystallization rate, synthesis, SnCl₄, SnCl₄·5H₂O, tin 
laju kristalisasi, sintesis, SnCl₄, SnCl₄·5H₂O, timah
note: Tin(IV) chloride pentahydrate (SnCl₄·5H₂O) is a hydrated compound of
tin(IV) chloride (SnCl₄), in the form of crystals that are water-soluble and
hygroscopic. SnCl₄·5H₂O is stable under normal environmental conditions and is
used in various industrial applications, such as a catalyst in the synthesis of organic
compounds, including esterification. This study aims to determine the effects of
water flow rate, SnCl₄ : H₂O mole ratio, and air addition on the crystallization rate,
temperature profile, and reaction heat, as well as the optimal formulation and
process conditions for the formation of SnCl₄·5H₂O crystals. The research stages
included preparation of tools and materials, synthesis of SnCl₄·5H₂O with and
without additional air supply, analysis of crystallization rate, and mass and energy
balances. The results showed that decreasing the water flow rate increased the
crystallization rate and lowered the maximum reaction temperature. Increasing the
SnCl₄ : 5H₂O mole ratio also enhanced the crystallization rate but reduced the
maximum temperature. Additional air supply accelerated cooling but decreased
crystallization efficiency. The best synthesis condition was achieved at a 2 : 7,8
mole ratio, 0.0041 mL/s flow rate, and stirring, resulting in 89.09% conversion, a
crystallization rate of 0.000285 g/s, and a maximum temperature of 48°C.
abstract: Timah tetraklorida pentahidrat (SnCl₄·5H₂O) adalah senyawa hidrat dari Timah tetraklorida (SnCl₄), suatu senyawa anorganik berbentuk kristal yang larut dalam air dan bersifat higroskopis. Dalam bentuk hidratnya, SnCl₄·5H₂O stabil pada kondisi lingkungan biasa dan digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi industri. Salah satu penggunaannya adalah sebagai katalis dalam sintesis senyawa organik, seperti esterifikasi dan reaksi Friedel-Crafts. Selain itu, SnCl₄·5H₂O juga dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan bahan semikonduktor dan sebagai prekursor dalam produksi film tipis oksida timah untuk aplikasi elektronik. Sifatnya yang multifungsi menjadikan SnCl₄·5H₂O komponen penting dalam industri kimia, elektronik, dan material canggih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu membuat kristal SnCl₄·5H₂O yang memiliki kualitas yang baik, menemukan kondisi proses sintesis terbaik untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan konsistensi pembentukan kristal SnCl₄·5H₂O dan mengetahui karakteristik kristal SnCl₄·5H₂O yang dihasilkan dari proses sintesis dengan variasi kondisi yang berbeda.. Tahapan dari penelitian ini meliputi preparasi sampel, reaksi hidrolisis, uji karakteristik SnCl4 dan analisis neraca massa. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu berupa nilai pembentukkan kristal terbesar yaitu 90.73% pada sampel 4 dengan rasio reaktan 5 : 3.
date: 2026-03
date_type: published
pages: 63
institution: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
department: Teknik Kimia
thesis_type: sarjana
thesis_name: sarjana
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citation:   SAMUDERA, NIZAM AZHAR  (2026) SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI TIMAH TETRAKLORIDA PENTAHIDRAT (SnCl4.5H2O) UNTUK MENDUKUNG HILIRISASI PRODUK BERBASIS TIMAH.  S1 thesis, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa.   
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