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ANALISIS TEKNIK LEMPARAN POINTING TERHADAP AKURASI DALAM PERMAINAN OLAHRAGA PETANQUE
Background, Petanque is a precision sport that demands accuracy and consistency of throwing, especially in the pointing technique. One technique frequently used is standing pointing, but to date there are still limited scientific studies that discuss the effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of biomechanics of movement on pointing accuracy in depth. Therefore, biomechanical analysis is needed to understand the characteristics of optimal angles of movement and throwing patterns in the standing pointing technique. The purpose of this study was to analyze (1) the effectiveness of the standing pointing movement, (2) the efficiency of arm and hand movements in the standing pointing technique, and (3) the impact of biomechanics on pointing accuracy in petanque. This research method uses a quantitative method with a descriptive biomechanical approach. The subjects of the study were petanque athletes who performed the standing pointing technique. Data collection was carried out through video analysis using motion analysis software to measure the backswing angle, release angle, ball height, and throwing accuracy results. Data were analyzed descriptively by comparing the measurement results to biomechanical principles and previous research. The results showed that the backswing angle ranged from 53.8°- 94.9°, the release angle from 110.8° -131.5°, and the average ball height was approximately 181 cm. This range of angles was proven to support movement effectiveness and efficiency, producing a stable, moderately parabolic trajectory (semi-lob). This was demonstrated by the results of the semi-lob technique, which achieved the highest effectiveness score of 3.94%, compared to the rolling technique (2.72%) and the high lob technique (2.83%). The application of appropriate biomechanical principles significantly improved pointing accuracy, energy efficiency, and consistent athlete performance. These findings can serve as an initial normative reference for developing standing pointing techniques in petanque.
ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN, UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA
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