%O Pulau Bangka termasuk ke dalam daerah yang dilewati jalur granite tin belt. Logam Tanah Jarang (LTJ) terbentuk secara geologis bersamaan dengan terbentuknya endapan timah. Proses mineralisasi timah di Asia Tenggara terletak di sekitar sabuk granit yang memanjang ke selatan dari China, melalui Myanmar, Thailand, Semenanjung Malaysia, dan akhirnya sampai ke Jalur Timah Indonesia. Jalur ini dimulai di Kepulauan Riau dan berakhir di Bangka Belitung. Menurut Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Daerah (RKPD) Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung pada tahun 2023 menyatakan bahwa potensi bahan galian granit yang terdapat di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung pada tahun 2019 sebesar 528,5 juta ton. Sedangkan permintaan LTJ dunia mengalami peningkatan hingga 1,5 kali lipat dari 75.500 ton LTJ pada tahun 2000 menjadi 123.100 ton pada tahun 2016, peningkatan permintaan terhadap LTJ diperkirakan akan terus meningkat hingga tahun 2026.  Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa potensi lain dari granit perlu dikemBangkan, yaitu dengan mengambil unsur-unsur berharga yang terkandung di dalam granit, salah satunya adalah logam tanah jarang (LTJ). LTJ umumnya diolah dan diekstraksi menggunakan teknologi hidrometalurgi konvensional, proses ini memang cenderung mendapatkan LTJ yang tinggi, namun banyak unsur pengotor yang ikut terekstraksi. Oleh karena itu dilakukan proses Sulfation Roasting dan leaching sebagai alternatif proses yang lebih selektif dan tidak memerlukan konsumsi reagen yang tinggi. Pada proses Sulfation Roasting-water leaching didapatkan kondisi terbaik "" yaitu agen Sulfation H2SO4, rasio S/L 1/1,35 selama 15 menit dengan temperatur 700oC untuk Roasting. Lalu temperatur 90oC selama 4 jam dengan rasio S/L 1/20 dan kecepatan pengadukan 300 rpm untuk water leaching menghasilkan persen ekstraksi 2,91% Total LTJ, 3,25 LTJ ringan, dan 1,98 LTJ berat dengan unsur pengotor yang ikut terekstraksi sebesar 1,57x10-5% Al,  0,38% Mn, 2,2% Fe, 0,01% K, 3,0x10-3% Ca, dan 0,07% Ti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan siginfikan pada keterambilan LTJ dibanding dengan acuan literatur yang digunakan. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini dapat memberikan data objektif terkait metode Sulfation Roasting-water leaching dari granit Bangka dengan fokus ekstraksi pengotor dan konsumsi reagen yang rendah.
%L eprintuntirta47840
%A MUHAMAD ALFI ALFARIZI
%I Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
%D 2024
%T EKSTRAKSI LOGAM TANAH JARANG DARI GRANIT BANGKA DENGAN METODE SULFATION ROASTING-WATER LEACHING
%X Bangka Island is included in the area passed by the granite tin belt. Rare Earth Metals (LTJ) were formed geologically along with the formation of tin deposits. The tin mineralization process in Southeast Asia is located around a granite belt that extends south from China, through Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and finally to the Indonesian Tin Belt. This pathway starts in the Riau Islands and ends in Bangka Belitung. According to the Regional Government Work Plan (RKPD) of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2023 states that the potential of granite excavation material contained in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2019 amounted to 528.5 million tons. According to the data bank of the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands in 2013 stated that the potential of excavated materials and the location of granite excavation materials in the southern bangka district during 2012 amounted to 49.5 billion m3. While the world's LTJ demand has increased by 1.5 times from 75,500 tons of LTJ in 2000 to 123,100 tons in 2016, the increase in demand for LTJ is expected to continue to increase until 2026. This shows that other potentials of granite need to be developed, one of which is by extracting valuable elements contained in granite, one of which is rare earth metals (LTJ).  LTJ is generally processed and extracted using conventional hydrometallurgical technology, this process does tend to get high LTJ, but many impurities are extracted. Therefore, the Sulfation Roasting and leaching process is an alternative process that is more selective and does not require high reagent consumption. Sulfation Roasting-water leaching process Before roasting, the best conditions are obtained, the granite sample is sulfated with the addition of sulfuric acid to convert the metal to be extracted into sulfate which will later dissolve in the water leaching process. The sulfation process is carried out by reacting granite samples and sulfation agents such as H2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, and Na2SO4, with S/L variations (1/1, 1/1.35, and 1/7), then roasting at 700oC with time variations for 5, 15, and 25 minutes. The leaching process was then continued using water. The water leaching process was carried out at temperature variations of 70, 80, and 90, solid/liquid (S/L) ratio of 1/20 for 2, 4, and 6 hours with a stirring speed of 300 rpm. The results showed that the sulfation agent H2SO4, is the best sulfation agent with the best conditions for extracting LTJ from bangka granite samples, namely at a S/L ratio of 1/1.35 for 15 minutes with a temperature of 700oC for Roasting. Then a temperature of 90oC for 4 hours with an S/L ratio of 1/20 and a stirring speed of 300 rpm for water leaching resulted in an extraction percent of 2.91% total LTJ, 3.25 light LTJ, and 1.98 heavy LTJ with extracted impurities of 1.57x10-5% Al, 0.38% Mn, 2.2% Fe, 0.01% K, 3.0x10-3% Ca, and 0.07% Ti. The results showed significant differences in LTJ recoveries compared to the literature references used. Nevertheless, this study can provide objective data related to the Sulfation Roasting-water leaching method from Bangka granite with a focus on impurity extraction and low reagent consumption.