%L eprintuntirta45204
%A DIAN MUGHNI PERTIWI
%K Characterization, Hybrid, Sweet Corn, Genotype, Evaluation.
%T EVALUASI DAN KARAKTERISASI 20 GENOTIPE JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) HIBRIDA
%O Evaluasi dan Karakterisasi 20 Genotipe Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) Hibrida.
Dibimbing oleh Nuniek Hermita, Sri Ritawati, dan Azis Natawijaya.
Jagung manis hibrida (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) merupakan tanamanhortikultura yang mulai banyak dibudidayakan karena memiliki keunggulan berdaya hasil tinggi, kualitas yang baik, adaptif terhadap lingkungan, resistensi terhadap hama penyakit, juga umur panen yang relatif singkat dibanding jagung bersari bebas. Jagug manis hibrida dihasilkan melalui proses pemuliaan tanaman. Pemuliaan tanaman dilakukan untuk merakit varietas baru dengan sifat-sifat yang unggul diberbagai karakter. Dalam pemuliaan tanaman terdapat tahapan karakterisasi yang bertujuan untuk mencari ciri dan karakter serta mengetahui
karakter yang unggul pada tanaman hibrida yang diuji. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hibrida BSA mana yang memiliki karakter dan keseragaman paling unggul dibanding varietas pembanding. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan PT. BSA (Benih Sumber Andalan) Dramaga – Bogor pada bulan Februari sampai bulan April 2022. Rancanganpenelitian yang digunakan adalah Augmented Design. Terdapat 20 hibrida BSA(kode 1 – 20) yang diuji, dan 4 varietas pembanding (Secada, Panglima, Paragondan Exsotic), masing masing hibrida memiliki 20 sampel tanaman. Terdapat 15 karakter yang diamati yaitu 4 karakter kualitatif (warna kernel, warna malai, warna rambut, dan bentuk baris biji) dan 11 karakter kuantitatif (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, bobot tongkol berklobot, bobot tongkol tanpa klobot, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, jumlah kernel per baris, jumlah baris per
tongkol, kadar gula, dan umur panen). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hibrida BSA yang memiliki
karakter lebih unggul dibanding varietas pembanding, dan terdapat 15 hibrida BSA yang memiliki tingkat keseragaman lebih tinggi dibanding varietas pembanding. Hibrida BSA-11, BSA-12, dan BSA-20 merupakan hibrida yangpaling unggul yang dibanding varietas pembanding. Keseluruhan hibrida BSA nyata lebih seragam dibanding varietas pembanding.
%I UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA
%D 2024
%X Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) was a horticultural crop with highandstable economic value. Fulfillment of sweet corn needed to be improved bothinterms of quality and quantity. The way that could be done was to produce hybridsweet corn which had the advantages of high yield, good quality, short harvest life, resistance to environmental conditions, and resistance to pests and diseases. Hybrid sweet corn seeds were produced through plant breeding. Plant breedingwas a way to assemble new plant varieties with the desired traits and charactersand excel in various characters. One of the stages in plant breeding was evaluationand characterization which aimed to evaluate and characterize plants by knowingthe characteristics and looking at the morphological and genetic diversity of thetested hybrids based on qualitative and quantitative characters. The purpose of thisstudy was to determine which sweet corn hybrid BSA was superior and moreuniform than the comparison variety. The research method used was AugmentedDesign. The 20 BSA hybrids used were BSA hybrid codes 1 – 20 and4comparison varieties (Secada, Panglima, Paragon, and Exsotic). There were 4and11 characters observed in qualitative and quantitative traits. Data analysis wascarried out by descriptive analysis and statistical analysis. The results showedthat
there were 15 out of 20 BSA hybrids that were superior and more uniformthanthe comparison varieties based on the observed characters. BSA-11, BSA-12, andBSA-20 hybrid were the most superior hybrids compared to other BSAhybridsand comparison varieties. The overall BSA hybrids were significantly moreuniform compared to the comparison varieties.