Nurjalal, Nandang Abdul Holik (2026) PENDEKATAN NON-DESTRUKTIF UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI BATAS ZONA PENGARUH PANAS (HAZ) PADA STAINLESS STEEL A 240 TP 304L HASIL PEMBENTUKAN DINGIN DENGAN METODE PENGUKURAN MAGNETIK. Master thesis, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa.
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Abstract
Metode pembentukan dingin pada stainless steel A 240 TP 304L, terutama pembuatan top head pressure vessel menghasilkan deformasi plastik yang signifikan dan akumulasi tegangan-regangan internal berpotensi memicu cacat mikrostruktur seperti hairline crack. Selain metode pengerjaan dingin (cold forming), metode pemotongan plasma memberikan keuntungan yang lebih efisien, namun menghasilkan heat affected zone (HAZ), di mana efek termal dapat menutupi kondisi tegangan-regangan, sehingga menyulitkan identifikasi cacat secara akurat. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode untuk mengidentifikasi batas heat affected zone (HAZ), yaitu pengukuran kekerasan dan pengukuran magnetik. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa metode pengukuran kekerasan tidak reliabel untuk menentukan batas heat affected zone (HAZ), karena nilai kekerasan (HV) pada tepi spesimen tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan maupun konsisten dibandingkan dengan bagian tengah. Hal ini kemungkinan karena pemanasan cepat dari plasma cutting tidak memberikan waktu cukup bagi relaksasi butir. Sebaliknya, pengukuran magnetik terbukti sangat efektif dan relevan dalam menentukan batas butir. Deformasi mikrostruktur akibat gaya geser saat proses pembentukan dan plasma cutting menyebabkan pergeseran sifat baja dari paramagnetik menjadi feromagnetik lemah. Perubahan ini menghasilkan tanda nilai magnetik tetap yang jelas membedakan heat affected zone (HAZ) dari base metal. Dengan demikian, sifat magnetik terinduksi menjadi indikator tidak langsung yang reliabel untuk batas heat affected zone (HAZ). Kesimpulan mengenai hasil pengukuran magnetik yang lebih tinggi di HAZ dan ini konsisten untuk pengujian, sedangkan hardness di daerah HAZ terlihat menurun namun hasil pengujian kurang konsisten. Pengujian HAZ pada spesimen hasil plasma cutting menunjukkan area terdampak 0 -1 Cm di sekitar cutting. A 240 TP 304L, HAZ, Batas, Pengukuran Magnetik, Indikator Tidak Langsung.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Master) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | The cold forming of A 240 TP 304L stainless steel, as used in pressure vessel dish heads, introduces significant plastic deformation and internal stressstrain, which can lead to microstructural defects, such as hairline cracks. While plasma cutting is an efficient fabrication method, it creates a Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), where thermal effects can obscure the stress-strain state, making it difficult to identify defects accurately. The study compared two methods for identifying the HAZ boundary: hardness measurements and magnetic measurements. Hardness measurements proved to be an unreliable method for defining the HAZ boundary, as the hardness values at the edges of the specimen showed insignificant and inconsistent differences compared to the central region. This is likely because the rapid heating from plasma cutting did not allow sufficient time for grain relaxation to occur. In contrast, the magnetic measurement method proved to be a highly effective and relevant approach. Microstructural deformation resulting from shear forces during metal forming and plasma cutting causes a shift in the steel’s properties from paramagnetic to weakly ferromagnetic. This change creates a distinct magnetic remanence signature that clearly differentiates the HAZ from the parent material. Therefore, the induced magnetic property serves as a reliable and indirect indicator of the HAZ boundary. The conclusion regarding the higher magnetic measurement results in the HAZ is consistent with the testing, whereas the hardness in the HAZ area appears to decrease, but the test results are less consistent. HAZ testing on the plasma-cut specimens shows an affected area of 0– 1 cm around the cutting. A 240 TP 304L, HAZ, Boundary, Magnetic Measurement, Indirect Indicator. | |||||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | A 240 TP 304L, HAZ, Batas, Pengukuran Magnetik, Indikator Tidak Langsung. A 240 TP 304L, HAZ, Boundary, Magnetic Measurement, Indirect Indicator. | |||||||||
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
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| Divisions: | 03-Fakultas Teknik > 21201-Jurusan Teknik Mesin | |||||||||
| Depositing User: | Mr. Nandang Abdul Holik Nurjalal | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 30 Mar 2026 01:29 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 30 Mar 2026 03:44 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/59326 |
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