Mumtaz, Muhammad Reza (2026) EKSTRAKSI LOGAM NEODIMIUM DENGAN PROSES ELECTROWINNING MENGGUNAKAN DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT BETAIN ETILEN-GLIKOL. S1 thesis, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa.
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Abstract
The increasing demand for rare earth metals, particularly neodymium (Nd), has driven the development of efficient and environmentally friendly extraction methods. The use of non-aqueous solvents is necessary because the reduction potential of neodymium is more negative (−2.41 V vs SHE) than that of hydrogen (0 V vs SHE), causing the process in an aqueous medium to be dominated by hydrogen evolution. One potential method is electrowinning with a betaine–ethylene glycol (Bet–EG) based deep eutectic solvent (DES). This study aims to examine the effect of NdCl3 solution concentration, voltage, and process time on the deposit mass and current efficiency of neodymium electrowinning, as well as to determine the optimum conditions using the Taguchi method with an L9 orthogonal array design. The variables varied included concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 M, voltages of −2.5, −3.0, and −3.5 V, and times of 1, 2, and 3 hours. The results showed that increasing the voltage and concentration increased the deposit mass, but excessive additions decreased the current efficiency due to competitive hydrogen evolution. Taguchi method S/N ratio analysis showed that voltage was the most influential factor on deposit mass and current efficiency. Optimum conditions were obtained at a concentration of 0.15 M, a voltage of −3.5 V, and a time of 3 hours, with a deposit mass of 22.2 mg and a current efficiency of 61.64%. SEM-EDS characterisation revealed a fine granular morphology and Nd element dominance, while XRD and FTIR results confirmed the formation of a neodymium metal phase. This study proves that the Bet–EG DES system has the potential to be an effective non-aqueous electrolyte alternative for low-temperature neodymium electrowinning processes, while expanding the application of DES in the sustainable purification of rare earth metals.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Peningkatan kebutuhan logam tanah jarang, khususnya neodimium (Nd), mendorong pengembangan metode ekstraksi yang efisien dan ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan pelarut non-air diperlukan karena potensial reduksi neodimium yang lebih negatif (−2,41 V vs SHE) dibandingkan dengan potensial reduksi hidrogen (0 V vs SHE) menyebabkan proses dalam medium berair didominasi oleh evolusi hidrogen. Salah satu metode potensial adalah electrowinning dengan pelarut deep eutectic solvent (DES) berbasis betain–etilen glikol (Bet–EG). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengaji pengaruh konsentrasi larutan NdCl3, tegangan, dan waktu proses terhadap massa deposit dan efisiensi arus hasil electrowinning neodimium, serta menentukan kondisi optimum menggunakan metode Taguchi dengan rancangan orthogonal array L9. Variabel yang divariasikan meliputi konsentrasi 0,05; 0,10; dan 0,15 M, tegangan −2,5; −3,0; dan −3,5 V, serta waktu 1; 2; dan 3 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tegangan dan konsentrasi meningkatkan massa deposit, namun penambahan berlebih menurunkan efisiensi arus akibat evolusi hidrogen yang kompetitif. Analisis rasio S/N metode Taguchi menunjukkan bahwa tegangan merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap massa deposit dan efisiensi arus. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada konsentrasi 0,15 M, tegangan −3,5 V, dan waktu 3 jam dengan massa deposit sebesar 22,2 mg dan efisiensi arus 61,64%. Karakterisasi SEM-EDS menunjukkan morfologi granular halus dan dominasi unsur Nd, sedangkan hasil XRD dan FTIR mengonfirmasi terbentuknya fase logam neodimium. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa sistem Bet–EG DES berpotensi menjadi alternatif elektrolit non-air yang efektif untuk proses electrowinning neodimium pada suhu rendah, sekaligus memperluas penerapan DES dalam pemurnian logam tanah jarang secara berkelanjutan. | |||||||||
| Subjects: | T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy | |||||||||
| Divisions: | 03-Fakultas Teknik 03-Fakultas Teknik > 27201-Jurusan Teknik Metalurgi |
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| Depositing User: | Mr Muhammad Reza Mumtaz | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jan 2026 02:22 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 21 Jan 2026 02:22 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/57288 |
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