PUTRI, NAURA AMALIA ASKO (2025) ANALISIS DETERMINAN KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN: STUDI KASUS MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA.
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Abstract
Economic growth is a key indicator of development success aimed at improving the overall welfare of society. However, an increase in national income does not necessarily guarantee equitable welfare distribution, making the reduction of inequality—as emphasized in SDG Goal 10—crucial to achieving inclusive and sustainable growth, especially in middle-income countries. This study analyzes the influence of economic growth, unemployment, Human Development Index (HDI), population size, and government expenditure on income inequality during the period 2015–2023 using secondary data from the World Inequality Database, World Bank, and UNDP. The dynamic panel data method and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model. The results indicate that the lag of income inequality, unemployment, and government expenditure variables have a positive and significant effect on income inequality in both the short and long term. On the other hand, economic growth and population size have a negative and significant effect on income inequality in both the short and long term. However, the Human Development Index (HDI) variable does not have a significant effect on income inequality in the short or long term in middle-income countries during the period 2015–2023 in both the short and long term.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan indikator utama keberhasilan pembangunan yang bertujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara menyeluruh. Namun, peningkatan pendapatan nasional belum tentu menjamin pemerataan kesejahteraan, sehingga pengurangan ketimpangan sebagaimana fokus SDGs ke-10 sangat penting untuk mewujudkan pertumbuhan yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan, khususnya di negara berpendapatan menengah (middle income countries). Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, pengangguran, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), jumlah penduduk, dan pengeluaran pemerintah terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan pada periode 2015–2023 menggunakan data sekunder dari World Inequality Database, World Bank, dan UNDP dengan metode panel dinamis dan model GMM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel lag ketimpangan pendapatan, pengangguran, dan pengeluaran pemerintah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel ketimpangan pendapatan dalam jangka pendek dan panjang, sedangkan variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi dan jumlah penduduk berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan dalam jangka pendek dan panjang. Namun variabel Indeks Pembangunan Manusia tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan dalam jangka pendek dan panjang di middle income countries tahun 2015-2023 dalam jangka pendek dan panjang. | |||||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Income Inequality, Economic Growth, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs), Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) | |||||||||
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory | |||||||||
| Divisions: | 05-Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis 05-Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis > 60201-Program Sarjana Ilmu Ekonomi Pembangunan |
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| Depositing User: | Naura Amalia Asko Putri | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 02 Sep 2025 03:33 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 02 Sep 2025 03:33 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/53136 |
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