MUTTAQIN, MUHAMAD IQBAL (2025) KARAKTERISASI BIODIESEL DARI ALGA MERAH (Gracilaria verrucosa) HASIL TRANSESTERIFIKASI MENGGUNAKAN VARIASI KATALIS ASAM DAN BASA. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA.
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Abstract
The increasing global energy demand and the environmental impact of fossil fuels have driven the development of environmentally friendly alternative energy sources such as biodiesel. However, the use of food-base feedstock for biodiesel production raises concerns regarding food security. Therefore, non-food sources like Gracilaria verrucosa, a red algae rich in lipids and easy to cultivate, are considered promising alternatives. This study aims to examine the effect of using acid catalyst (2% H2SO4) and base catalyst (1% KOH) on the characteristics of biodiesel produced through the transesterification of G. verrucosa. The research involved several stages, including sample preparation, lipid extraction using n-hexane, free fatty acid (FFA) analysis, transesterification using two catalysts, and biodiesel quality testing based on parameters such as yield, density, viscosity, acid value, flash point, water content, and carbon residue, in accordance with SNI 7182:2015. The result showed that the biodiesel produced with KOH had better viscosity (3,14 mm2/s) and acid value (0,15 mg-KOH/g) compared to that with H2SO4. However, both treatments failed to meet standard for density and flash point, possibly due to residual methanol. Water and carbon content remained within acceptable limits, with the H2SO4 treatment showing the lowest carbon residue (0,08%), indicating a cleaner combustion profile. In conclusion, G. verrucosa has promising potential as a non-food feedstock for biodiesel production, although further optimization of the production process is needed to meet national quality standards.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Kebutuhan energi yang terus meningkat serta dampak negatif bahan bakar fosil mendorong pengembangan energi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan, seperti biodiesel. Namun, penggunaan bahan pangan sebagai bahan baku biodiesel memunculkan konflik terhadap ketahanan pangan. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sumber non-pangan seperti Gracillaria Verrucosa, alga merah yang kaya akan lipid dan mudah dibudidayakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan katalis asam (H2SO4 2%) dan basa (KOH 1%) terhadap karakteristik biodiesel hasil transesterifikasi dari G. verrucosa. Tahap penelitian meliputi preparasi sampel, ekstraksi lipid dengan n-heksan, analisis kadar asam lemak bebas, transesterifikasi dengan dua jenis katalis, dan pengujian kualitas biodiesel berdasarkan parameter rendemen, densitas, viskositas, angka keasaman, titik nyala, kadar air, dan karbon sesuai SNI 7182:2015. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa katalis basa KOH menghasilkan biodiesel dengan viskositas (3,14 mm2/s) dan angka keasaman (0,15 mg-KOH/g) yang lebih baik disbanding H2SO4. Namun densitas dan titik nyala dari kedua perlakuan belum memenuhi standar, kemungkinan akibat residu metanol. Kadar air dan karbon masih dalam batas aman, dengan H2SO4 menunjukkan kadar karbon terendah (0,08%). Kesimpulannya, G. verrucosa berpotensi sebagai bahan baku biodiesel non-pangan, namun proses produksi masih memerlukan optimalisasi agar memenuhi standar nasional. | |||||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | biodiesel, catalyst, Gracilaria verrucosa, transesterification | |||||||||
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling | |||||||||
| Divisions: | 04-Fakultas Pertanian 04-Fakultas Pertanian > 54244-Program Studi Ilmu Perikanan |
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| Depositing User: | Mr. Muhamad Iqbal Muttaqin | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 02 Sep 2025 07:28 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 02 Sep 2025 07:28 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/51591 |
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