Oktiarina, Vina (2025) PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN USAHA KESEHATAN SEKOLAH (UKS) DI TINGKAT MENENGAH PERTAMA KOTA SERANG. Doktoral thesis, UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA.
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Abstract
The purpose aims to develop and evaluate a mobile-based health information system (KesSekolah) to improve health education services in the UKS program at junior high schools in Serang City. The development of this health information system is based on the current health education needs of junior high schools in Serang City, such as: First, needs analysis is a crucial step to ensure that KesSekolah is relevant to the context and needs of users at junior high schools in Serang City. Needs analysis was conducted using qualitative and quantitative approaches, involving observation, interviews, and questionnaires with key stakeholders, namely students, teachers, and UKS and PMR staff. Second, the researchers obtained key findings from the needs analysis, namely, the need for students at junior high schools (aged 13-16 years) to have interactive health learning media that is easily accessible via mobile phones and relevant to their daily lives, such as topics on healthy eating, mental health, and personal hygiene. Third, the majority of students (82%) expressed a preference for visualbased learning, such as videos and infographics, compared to lengthy texts. Fourth, students desire features that allow them to consult directly with health experts for sensitive questions, such as reproductive health or academic stress. Fifth, in terms of teacher needs, Science, Physical Education, and Guidance Counselor teachers require flexible teaching tools that can be integrated with the Merdeka Curriculum and support the structured delivery of health education content. Sixth, teachers face time constraints in managing health materials and manually recording student health data, so they need an automated and integrated system. Seventh, digital literacy training is needed to ensure teachers can use the application effectively. Eighth, in terms of UKS staff needs, it was found that UKS staff require a digital reporting system that facilitates the collection, storage, and analysis of student health data, such as medical history or PHBS patterns. Standardization of reporting formats across schools is also needed to support UKS program evaluation by the Health Department, and access to aggregated school health data is required for intervention planning, such as immunization campaigns or nutrition education programs. An integrated information system can enhance the efficiency of monitoring and evaluating UKS programs at the city level. This study aims to develop and validate the “KesSekolah” application as a health information system to improve School Health Services (UKS) at public junior high schools in Serang City using a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) combined with an iterative Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) approach, this research was conducted from July 2023 to June 2024. The methodology is comprehensive, covering the development model, research design, development procedures, product testing design, test subjects, data collection techniques and instruments, data analysis techniques, and pre-test and post-test evaluation processes. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri Kota Serang, involving teachers: A total of 145 teachers from 29 public junior high schools (5 teachers per school: 2 science teachers, 1 physical education teacher, 1 guidance counselor, and 1 P5 teacher) to assess the suitability of the media and materials. For students, the study involved 325 PMR students and 180 students (PMR members and non-members) from SMPN 1 (accreditation A), SMPN 26 Kasemen (accreditation B), and SMPN SATAP Curug (accreditation C) for effectiveness testing. The sample was selected using stratified random sampling based on school accreditation (A, B, C), with a minimum of 159 students calculated through power analysis using G*Power (effect size f=0.25, α=0.05, power=0.8). The expert phase involved three experts (media, materials, language) for product validation. The development procedure for the “KesSekolah” application followed the ADDIE stages with an iterative SDLC approach. The results of the research conducted are as follows: First, junior high school students in Serang City need a mobile-based health information system that suits their preferences, such as a question-and-answer feature with health experts, informative material, and an attractive display and intuitive navigation. The implementation of this application has the potential to increase students' awareness and knowledge about health, while supporting effective health education in schools. Second, the design and implementation of the KesSekolah mobile application utilize an Iterative Model approach, enabling gradual improvements to visual design, feature efficiency, and navigation structure based on evaluations from each iteration. This app has successfully become a responsive, easy-to-use, and relevant digital learning solution for users' needs. Third, according to media and learning material experts, the KesSekolah app has a very high level of usability, with an average success rate above 90% for each usability test aspect, indicating compliance with standards and user expectations. Fourth, this is evidenced by an average success rate exceeding 90% for aspects of usefulness, reliability, ease of use, appearance, as well as the quality and relevance of learning materials.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doktoral) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengembangkan dan mengevaluasi sistem informasi kesehatan berbasis mobile (KesSekolah) untuk meningkatkan pelayanan pendidikan kesehatan dalam program UKS di SMP Kota Serang. Penelitian pengembangan sistem informasi kesehatan ini dilakukan berdasarkan pada kebutuhan yang terdapat di sekolah menengah pertama di Kota Serang mengenai Pendidikan Kesehatan yang ada saat ini, seperti: Pertama, analisis kebutuhan menjadi langkah krusial untuk memastikan bahwa KesSekolah relevan dengan konteks dan kebutuhan pengguna di SMP Kota Serang. Analisis kebutuhan dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, melibatkan observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner dengan stakeholder utama, yaitu siswa, guru, dan petugas UKS dan PMR. Kedua, Peneliti memperoleh temuan utama dari analisis kebutuhan yaitu, adanya kebutuhan siswa, pada siswa SMP (usia 13-16 tahun) yang membutuhkan media pembelajaran kesehatan yang interaktif, mudah diakses melalui ponsel, dan relevan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari, seperti topik pola makan sehat, kesehatan mental, dan kebersihan pribadi Ketiga, mayoritas siswa (82%) menyatakan preferensi untuk pembelajaran berbasis visual, seperti video dan infografis, dibandingkan teks panjang. Keempat, siswa menginginkan fitur yang memungkinkan mereka berkonsultasi langsung dengan ahli kesehatan untuk pertanyaan sensitif, seperti kesehatan reproduksi atau stres akademik. Kelima, dalam kebutuhan guru, pada Guru IPA, PJOK, dan BK membutuhkan alat bantu mengajar yang fleksibel, dapat diintegrasikan dengan Kurikulum Merdeka, dan mendukung penyampaian materi kesehatan secara terstruktur. Keenam, guru menghadapi kendala waktu dalam mengelola materi kesehatan dan mencatat data kesehatan siswa secara manual, sehingga membutuhkan sistem yang otomatis dan terintegrasi. Ketujuh, Pelatihan literasi digital diperlukan untuk memastikan guru dapat menggunakan aplikasi dengan efektif. Kedelepan, dalam kebutuhan petugas UKS, diperoleh hasil bahwa Petugas UKS membutuhkan sistem pelaporan digital yang memudahkan pengumpulan, penyimpanan, dan analisis data kesehatan siswa, seperti riwayat penyakit atau pola PHBS dan diperlukan pula standarisasi format pelaporan antar sekolah diperlukan untuk mendukung evaluasi program UKS oleh Dinas Kesehatan serta membutuhkan akses ke data agregat kesehatan sekolah untuk perencanaan intervensi, seperti kampanye imunisasi atau program edukasi gizi sehingga sistem informasi yang terintegrasi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi monitoring dan evaluasi program UKS di tingkat kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan memvalidasi aplikasi ―KesSekolah‖ sebagai sistem informasi kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Negeri di Kota Serang menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) yang dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan iteratif Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), penelitian ini dilakukan dari Juli 2023 hingga Juni 2024. Metodologi secara komprehensif, mencakup model pengembangan, desain penelitian, prosedur pengembangan, desain uji coba produk, subjek uji coba, teknik dan instrumen pengumpulan data, teknik analisis data, serta proses evaluasi pre-test dan post-test. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Negeri Kota Serang, melibatkan Guru: Sebanyak 145 guru dari 29 SMP Negeri (5 guru per sekolah: 2 guru IPA, 1 guru olahraga, 1 guru BK, 1 guru P5) untuk menilai kelayakan media dan materi. Untuk Siswa, melibatkan sebanyak 325 siswa PMR dan 180 siswa (anggota dan non-anggota PMR) dari SMPN 1 (akreditasi A), SMPN 26 Kasemen (akreditasi B), dan SMPN SATAP Curug (akreditasi C) untuk uji efektivitas. sampel dipilih menggunakan stratified random sampling berdasarkan akreditasi sekolah (A, B, C), dengan jumlah minimum 159 siswa dihitung melalui power analysis menggunakan G*Power (ukuran efek f=0.25, α=0.05, power=0.8). Pada tahap ahli melibatkan Tiga orang ahli (media, materi, bahasa) untuk validasi produk. Prosedur pengembangan aplikasi ―KesSekolah‖ mengikuti tahapan ADDIE dengan pendekatan iteratif SDLC. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan sebagai berikut: Pertama, siswa sekolah menengah pertama di Kota Serang membutuhkan sistem informasi kesehatan berbasis mobile yang sesuai dengan preferensi mereka, seperti fitur tanya jawab dengan ahli kesehatan, materi informatif, serta tampilan menarik dan navigasi intuitif. Implementasi aplikasi ini berpotensi meningkatkan kesadaran dan pengetahuan siswa tentang kesehatan, sekaligus mendukung pendidikan kesehatan yang efektif di sekolah. Kedua, desain dan implementasi aplikasi KesSekolah berbasis mobile menggunakan pendekatan Model Iteratif, memungkinkan perbaikan bertahap pada desain visual, efisiensi fitur, dan struktur navigasi berdasarkan penilaian setiap iterasi. Aplikasi ini berhasil menjadi solusi pembelajaran digital yang responsif, mudah digunakan, dan relevan dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Ketiga, menurut para ahli media dan materi pembelajaran, aplikasi KesSekolah memiliki tingkat kelayakan sangat tinggi, dengan rata-rata persentase keberhasilan di atas 90% untuk setiap aspek uji kelayakan, menunjukkan pemenuhan standar dan harapan pengguna. Keempat, ditunjukkan oleh rata-rata persentase keberhasilan di atas 90% untuk aspek kemanfaatan, keandalan, kemudahan penggunaan, tampilan, serta kualitas dan kesesuaian materi pembelajaran. | |||||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Health Information System, Mobile-Based Application, ADDIE, Iterative Model Sistem Informasi Kesehatan, Aplikasi Berbasis Mobile, ADDIE, Model Iteratif | |||||||||
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) | |||||||||
| Divisions: | 08-Pascasarjana 08-Pascasarjana > 7782-PENDIDIKAN (S3) |
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| Depositing User: | Vina Oktiarina | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jun 2025 06:54 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 20 Jun 2025 06:54 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/49769 |
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