Anggoro, Dendy Vito and Ruhiatna, Adam (2023) Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Superabsorbent Berbahan Biodegradabel dengan Teknik Iradiasi Gamma. S1 thesis, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa.
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Abstract
One of the pillars of food security is meeting food availability by increasing the productivity of agricultural products. Efforts are made to increase the effectiveness of plants in absorbing nutrients from fertilizer. The technological innovation that has been widely developed is the manufacture of slow-release urea fertilizer. Slow release fertilizer can reduce the amount of fertilizer added, making it more economical. The method used in this research is crosslinking with gamma irradiation for the preparation of hydrogel as a slow-release urea carrier because the reaction is simple and easy to induce in liquid, solid or gas conditions. Gamma irradiation does not require the addition of chemicals so hydrogel is more environmentally friendly. This research will use several materials, namely, acrylic acid, KOH, and biodegradable materials in the form of chitosan (0.5 g; 0.7 g; and 1 g). Acrylic acid has good ability to form gels, KOH is used to neutralize acrylic acid, and chitosan was chosen because it is abundant in nature and is non-toxic and can be degraded. The process of making superabsorbent hydrogel (SAP) using gamma irradiation is quite simple, namely dissolving the matrix material then placing it in a plastic container, then subjecting it to gamma radiation with a dose of 5 kGy. The SAP formed is dried until the weight is constant. Urea loading in SAP was carried out by soaking the dried hydrogel in urea solution and drying. The analysis carried out was a release test and characterization of superabsorbent hydrogel using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The best quality of SAP is obtained in 0.5 gram chitosan with an absorption capacity of up to 89.68 times the initial weight of SAP and has a fairly good level of reusability with a weight reduction of 17.2% in 5x drying and only 9.8% of the weight of SAP is dissolved. after 5x soaking. Microscopic surface morphology tests using SEM show the presence of pore and crack structures that help water and urea penetrate and survive in the SAP, while analysis using FTIR proves that SAP made from acrylic acid and chitrosan has been successfully synthesized.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Salah satu pilar ketahanan pangan adalah memenuhi ketersediaan pangan dengan meningkatkan produktivitas hasil pertanian. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas tanaman dalam menyerap nutrisi dari pupuk. Inovasi teknologi yang banyak dikembangkan adalah pembuatan pupuk urea lepas lambat. Pupuk slow release dapat mengurangi jumlah pupuk yang ditambahkan, sehingga lebih ekonomis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah crosslink dengan iradiasi gamma untuk preparasi hidrogel sebagai carrier urea pelepasan lambat karena reaksinya sederhana dan mudah diinduksi dalam kondisi cair, padat, maupun ga. Iradiasi gamma tidak memerlukan penambahan bahan kimia sehingga hidrogel bersifat lebih ramah lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini akan menggunakan beberapa bahan yaitu, asam akrilat, KOH, dan bahan biodegradable berupa kitosan (0,5 g; 0,7 g; dan 1 g). Asam akrilat memiliki kemampuan yang baik dalam membentuk gel, KOH digunakan untuk menetralisasi asam akrilat, dan kitosan dipilih karena jumlah di alam yang melimpah serta tidak beracun dan dapat terdegradasi. Proses pembuatan hidrogel superabosrben (SAP) dengan irradiasi gamma cukup sederhana yaitu melarutkan bahan matriks kemudian dimasukan dalam wadah plastik, lalu dikenai radiasi gamma dengan dosis sebesar 5 kGy. SAP yang terbentuk dikeringkan sampai beratnya konstan. Pemuatan urea dalam SAP dilakukan dengan merendam hidrogel kering dalam larutan urea dan dikeringkan. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah uji release dan karakterisasi superabsorbent hidrogel dengan Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Kualitas SAP terbaik didapatkan pada kitosan sebanyak 0,5 gram dengan kemampuan absorbsi hingga 89,68 kali berat awal SAP dan memiliki tingkat reusable yang cukup baik dengan pengurangan berat sebesar 17,2% dalam 5x pengeringan dan hanya 9,8% berat SAP yang larut setelah 5x perendaman. Uji morfologi permukaan mikroskopis menggunakan SEM menunjukkan adanya struktur pori dan retakan yang membantu air dan urea menembus masuk dan bertahan dalam SAP sedangkan analisa menggunakan FTIR membuktikan bahwa SAP berbahan asam akrilat dan kitrosan telah berhasil disintesis. | |||||||||
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
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| Divisions: | 03-Fakultas Teknik 03-Fakultas Teknik > 24201-Jurusan Teknik Kimia |
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| Depositing User: | Mr Dendy Vito Anggoro | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 26 Sep 2023 14:08 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 26 Sep 2023 14:08 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/29954 |
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