NUR AFIANTI, RISKA (2023) PENGARUH SURFAKTAN SILIKON DAN AQUADES TERHADAP STRUKTUR, MORFOLOGI, DENSITAS, DAN KUAT TEKAN BUSA POLIURETAN DENGAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BOTOL PLASTIK PET. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA.
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Abstract
This research aims to make polyurethane foam, which is made by using PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) plastic bottles as a substitute for polyol. PET waste bottles are recycled to make polyurethane foam using the glycolysis method to produce BHET (bis (hydroxyethyl) terephthalate), which can be used as a substitute for polyols in the manufacture of polyurethane foam. Polyurethane foam production involves a reaction between polyols and Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) isocyanates. Different proportions of distilled water, namely 1%, 10%, and 20%, are added as a blowing agent. Additionally, variations in the composition of silicone surfactants, specifically 2%, 10%, and 18% of the weight of polyols, serve as surfactants. Based on the research that has been carried out, it is concluded that foam with the type of polyurethane shown at the peak of the wave 1705 cm-1 the N-C=O group is formed. Based on the variations that have been carried out, there are three types of polyurethane foam: flexible, semi-rigid, and rigid. To get rigid foam, you can use a composition of 1% distilled water and 18% surfactant. Semi-rigid foam is obtained through a composition of 10% distilled water and 10% surfactant. Flexible foam is obtained through a composition of 20% distilled water and 2% surfactant. This can be seen from the compressive strength and density values: rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible polyurethane foams have compressive strengths of 0,60 MPa, 0,08 MPa, and 0,05 MPa, and densities of 0,0999 gram/cm3, 0,0877 gram/cm3, and 0,0567 gram/cm3. The resulting rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible foams had an average pore size of 356 µm, 937,3 µm, and 1,097 mm, respectively.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat polyurethane foam yang dibuat dengan menggunakan metode dua langkah dengan memanfaatkan botol plastik PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) sebagai pengganti poliol. Botol limbah PET didaur ulang untuk membuat busa poliuretan dengan menggunakan metode glikolisis menghasilkan BHET (bis(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate) yang bisa digunakan sebagai pengganti poliol dalam pembuatan busa poliuretan. Proses pembuatan busa poliuretan dilakukan dengan mereaksikan poliol dan isosianat berupa Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) dengan tambahan variasi komposisi aquades sebagai blowing agent sebesar 1%, 10%, dan 20% dan variasi komposisi surfaktan silikon sebagai surfaktan sebesar 2%, 10%, dan 18% dari berat poliol. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan busa dengan jenis poliuretan hal ini ditunjukkan pada puncak gelombang 1705 cm-1 terbentuk gugus N-C=O. Berdasarkan variasi yang telah dilakukan didapatkan 3 jenis busa poliuretan diantaranya flexible, semi-rigid, dan rigid, untuk mendapatkan busa rigid dapat menggunakan komposisi 1% aquades dan 18% surfaktan, busa semi-rigid didapatkan melalui komposisi 10% aquades dan 10% surfaktan, busa flexible didapatkan melalui komposisi 20% aquades dan 2% surfaktan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai kuat tekan serta nilai densitas yang didapat, busa poliuretan rigid, semi-rigid, dan flexible memiliki nilai kuat tekan secara berturut-turut sebesar 0,60 MPa, 0,08 MPa, dan 0,05 MPa serta nilai densitas secara berturut-turut sebesar 0,0999 gram/cm3, 0,0877 gram/cm3, dan 0,0567 gram/cm3. Busa rigid, semi-rigid, dan flexible yang dihasilkan memiliki rata-rata ukuran pori masing-masing sebesar 356 µm, 937,3 µm, dan 1,097 mm. | |||||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Busa Poliuretan, Limbah Botol Plastik PET, Proses Glikolisis. | |||||||||
| Subjects: | T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy T Technology > TS Manufactures |
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| Divisions: | 03-Fakultas Teknik 03-Fakultas Teknik > 27201-Jurusan Teknik Metalurgi |
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| Depositing User: | Miss Riska Nur Afianti | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2023 11:21 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 03 Aug 2023 09:54 | |||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/27530 |
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