Fermy Akbar Bilakonga, Muhammad (2023) PEMANFAATAN MINYAK JELANTAH UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DENGAN INOVASI KATALIS HETEROGEN (CaO) CANGKANG TELUR BEBEK. S1 thesis, Universitas Sultas Ageng Tirtayasa.
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Abstract
Biodiesel can be used as a solution to replace the use fossil fuels that are more environmentally friendly, non-toxic and can be renew because it comes from vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel produced by transesterification between triglyceride and alcohol in presence catalyst. The most widely developed solid oxide catalysts in production biodiesel, one of which is calcium oxide (CaO). The CaO catalyst is sourced from chicken eggshell. Egg shell contains CaCO3, MgCO3, Ca3(PO4)2 respectively 98.41%, 0.84%, 0.75%. The basic ingredients used in this study were used cooking oil and methanol, using base transesterification method with the help of heterogeneous base catalysts. This research starting with the manufacture of CaO catalyst derived from duck egg shells by calcination at 900oC for an hour and then impregnated at 85oC for 2 hours, then heated and dried at 110oC for 24 hours and calcination again at 600oC for 5 hours. On reaction biodiesel transesterification was carried out by varying the temperature (50°C, 60°C and 70°C), reaction time (60 minutes, 120 minutes and 180 minutes) and catalyst concentration of 1%. CaO was prepared with various concentrations of KOH/CaO (25. 35, 45 and 55 gr KOH in 100 ml distilled water). Optimum conditions are found in catalyst 25 gram KOH/100 ml distilled water, temperature 70oC, and reaction time for 2 hours with a yield value of 72% and a methyl ester content of %. Characteristics biodiesel obtained at optimum conditions has a density of 0.8752 g/ml, viscosity 3.5 cst and flash point 138oC.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | ||||||
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| Additional Information: | Biodiesel dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi untuk menggantikan penggunaan bahan bakar fosil yang lebih bersifat ramah lingkungan, tidak beracun dan dapat di perbaharui karena berasal dari minyak nabati dan lemak hewani. Biodiesel diproduksi dengan transesterifikasi antara trigliserida dan alkohol dengan adanya katalis. Katalis oksida padat yang ada paling banyak dikembangkan dalam produksi biodiesel, salah satunya adalah kalsium oksida (CaO). Katalis CaO bersumber dari cangkang telur ayam. Cangkang telur memiliki kandungan CaCO3, MgCO3, Ca3(PO4)2 berturut-turut sebanyak 98,41%, 0,84%, 0,75%. Bahan dasar yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah minyak jelantah dan metanol, menggunakan metode transesterifikasi basa dengan bantuan katalis basa heterogen. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan pembuatan katalis CaO yang berasal dari cangkang telur bebek dengan kalsinasi pada suhu 900oC selama jam dan selanjutnya di impregnasi pada suhu 85oC selama 2 jam, kemudian dipanaskan dan dikeringkan pada suhu 110oC selama 24 jam dan kalsinasi kembali pada suhu 600oC selama 5 jam. Pada reaksi transesterifikasi biodiesel dilakukan dengan memvariasikan temperature (50°C, 60°C dan 70°C), waktu reaksi (60 menit, 120 menit dan 180 menit) dan konsentrasi katalis 1%.CaO dipreparasi dengan variasi konsentrasi KOH/CaO (25, 35, 45 dan 55 gr KOH dalam 100 ml aquades). Kondisi optimum didapatkan pada katalis 25 gram KOH/100 ml aquades, suhu 70oC, dan waktu reaksi selama 2 jam dengan nilai yield sebesar 72% serta kandungan metil ester sebesar %. Karakteristik biodiesel yang diperoleh pada kondisi optimum memiliki densitas 0,8752 g/ml, viskositas 3,5 cst dan titik nyala 138oC. | ||||||
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kata Kunci: Biodiesel, Cangkang telur bebek, Katalis heterogen, Impregnasi, Minyak Jelantah, Transesterifikasi | ||||||
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | ||||||
| Divisions: | 03-Fakultas Teknik 03-Fakultas Teknik > 24201-Jurusan Teknik Kimia |
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| Depositing User: | FERMY MUHAMMAD FERMY AKBAR BILAKONGA BILAKONGA | ||||||
| Date Deposited: | 31 May 2023 11:13 | ||||||
| Last Modified: | 31 May 2023 11:13 | ||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.untirta.ac.id/id/eprint/24679 |
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