rulinawaty, rulinawaty and perbawasari, Susie and Taufik, E. Rahmat and hasan, samsurizal and chauhan, rahul (2022) Plant organization system and the formal organization of the factory. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6 (s2). pp. 9323-9331. ISSN 2550-6978

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Abstract

n large Japanese companies, in general, the ratio between the number of people in one level of cement and the level below is roughly one in three. Namely a president with 2 or three people recruited by the manager who is responsible to him, and in charge of approximately 10 heads of departments. Each section is divided into approximately 3 sections and this section is divided into 4 sub-sections. Although the terminology used for these units varies from factory to factory, the general structure is the same. The one-to-three ratio usually applies at several levels of foremen, with at least two groups of first-line supervisors. The terminology used here varies widely, as are the boundaries of position, authority and responsibility. A common pattern is a work group of perhaps 10 workers led by a team leader whose job is roughly equivalent to the role of a team leader in some American-style jobs, although these positions usually carry no official responsibilities, but in some factories, have official titles and official ranks, In a factory that employs approximately 4,500 workers, about 450 people have the rank of team leader or foreman and about 150 people have the rank of chief foreman, each with two or three teams under it. So, it is within this clear outline of the formal organization representing the large Japanese companies. The rate among factory employees is roughly one in six. Leaving aside the post

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