Desdiani, Desdiani and Sutarto, Auditya Purwandini (2022) Impact of the restrictions on community activities policy during the COVID‐19 on psychological health in Indonesia's urban and rural residents: A cross sectional study. Health Science Report, 5 (5). pp. 1-10. ISSN 2398-8835

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Abstract

Background and Aims:Although extensive research has been conducted on thepsychological impact after exposure to the COVID‐19 pandemic, very few studiessimultaneously investigated the negative and positive impacts on urban and ruralresidents. This study aims to compare the extent of psychological impact on Indonesianliving in urban and rural areas a year after the first case of COVID‐19 was reported.Design, Methodology and Approach:We employed a cross‐sectional study design.A total of 428 participants completed a set of web‐based questionnaires fromFebruary to March 2021, consisting of the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R), thePerceived Social‐Support (PSS), the mental health‐related lifestyle (MHLS), and6‐item negative impacts, and the Jenkins' Sleep Scale (JSS).Findings:Over 40% of the participants reported moderate to severe trauma‐relateddistress; 30%–40% increased stress at work, home, and financial stress, and 50%more social support gained from their family and friends. Although 62.1% ofparticipants paid more attention to their mental health, only 30% engaged in ahealthier lifestyle, and 36.7% had sleep problems. No significant differences werefound between urban and rural residents on psychological impact, changes in mentalhealth and related lifestyles, and sleep quality. Urban residents perceived morenegative impacts, in parallel with increased social support, compared to ruralresidents. We also found a significant correlation between psychological impact,sleep disturbance, and increased social support. However, there was no significantassociation between mental health‐related lifestyles and other scales.Originality and Value:This is among the first studies that examine the urban–ruraldisparity on the positive and negative impact of the COVID‐19 in the later stage ofthe pandemic. Our findings offer insights to provide equal effort to mitigate thenegative impacts of the COVID‐19 crisis as well as promote healthy lifestylebehaviors in both urban and rural residencies.

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